I Want to Appeal a Benefit Decision
If you disagree with a DWP decision about your benefit claim — whether a refusal, a reduced award, or a change to your existing benefit — you have the right to challenge it. Around 70% of PIP appeals at tribunal are successful. Here is the process.
Estimated timeline
The first step is to ask DWP to look at the decision again. This is called a Mandatory Reconsideration (MR) and it is a legal requirement before you can appeal. Contact DWP within 1 month of the decision letter, state that you want a Mandatory Reconsideration, and explain why you disagree. You can also ask DWP to send you all the evidence they used in the decision.
Use the Mandatory Reconsideration period to strengthen your case. Get a letter from your GP, consultant, or specialist that specifically describes how your condition affects your daily functioning. Write a personal statement describing your worst days and what you cannot do or find very difficult. Carers, family members, and support workers can also submit supporting letters.
If the Mandatory Reconsideration does not change the decision, you will receive a Mandatory Reconsideration Notice. You have 1 month from this notice to submit your appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Social Security and Child Support) using form SSCS1. Submit online or by post. Request an oral hearing — your chances are significantly higher than a paper hearing.
Read all the paperwork sent by the tribunal service carefully. Prepare a clear statement of why you disagree with the decision. Bring all your evidence. Consider asking a benefits adviser from Citizens Advice or a welfare rights service to help you prepare or even represent you at the hearing. Representation significantly improves outcomes.
Attend the tribunal
A tribunal panel — usually a judge and a medical or disability expert — will hear your case. You can bring a support person. Answer questions honestly and describe your worst days, not your best. If you win, the tribunal will make a new decision on your award. If you lose, you can request written reasons for the decision and consider whether to appeal further on a point of law.
Frequently asked questions
Should I keep claiming while I appeal?
Is the tribunal independent of DWP?
What if I cannot attend in person?
Official bodies and resources
Department for Work and Pensions
GovernmentThe government department responsible for welfare, pensions, and child maintenance policy in the UK.
Citizens Advice
CharityProvides free, confidential, and independent advice on a wide range of issues including benefits, housing, debt, and employment.
Related guides
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